Introduction to Reasearch Chapter of Business Research for Commerce PDF Note

 

1. Introduction

The unique characteristic of human mind is the curiosity to know. In fact, man is born curious. When we observe any fact or phenomenon, we seek explanation about what, why, when and how of them. Seeking answers to questions and finding solutions to the problems have been the basis of human progress. Systematic search for an answer to a question or a solution to a problem is called research. In simple words, research is a search for facts, answers to questions and solution to problems. This chapter discusses meaning, objectives, characteristics and types of research. Besides, it also discusses significance of research in social sciences and approaches to research. Finally, it describes criteria for good research.

2. Meaning of Research

In common parlance, research refers to acquiring new knowledge. But in scientific terms, research is defined as the systematic search for pertinent information on specific topic. The term research is derived from the French word Recherche' which means to go about seeking. In English research is made up of two words, Re+ Search. Re means afresh or again and search means to look for or to find out something concealed. Hence, research means producing new knowledge or adding something new to the existing stock of knowledge. Actually, research is simply the process ofarriving as dependable solution to a problem through the planned and systematic collection, analysis and interpretation of a data. It is a process in which a person observes the phenomena again and again and collects the data and on the basis of data he draws some conclusions. It allows us to come up with a result that is a real contribution to knowledge.

• Definition

(i)  "Research is a process of steps used to collect and Analyse information to increase our understanding about a topic or issue. Il consists of three steps-pose a question, collect data to answer the question and present an answer to the question." -J.W. Creswell

(ii) "Scientific research consists of obtaining information through empirical observation that can be used for systematic development of logically related propositions attempting to establish casual relations among variables. -Black and Champion

(iii) "Research as a systematized effort to gain new knowledge." -I.V. Redman and A.V.H.Morey

(iv) "Research is a systematic, controlled, empirical and critical investigation of hypothetical relations among natural phenomena." - Kerlinger

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