.jpeg "Coding and Decoding Chapter of Reasoning Note with Exercise/Practice PDF")
Coding is a process in which a word, a number, or a series of combination of words and numbers is expressed in a particular code or pattern based on various rules. You have to answer the questions based on these set of rules.
Decoding is the process of (interpreting) deciphering the coded pattern and reverting it to its original form from the given codes. Hence, you are required to understand the logic behind the coding pattern and then apply this logic to find answers.
Handy Tips:
1. Letter positions as per English Alphabet Series: (A=1, B=2, C=3, D=4.......Y=25, Z=26). To learn this, remember a shortcut for the position of letters i.e. E-J-O-T-Y where E=5, J=10, O=15, T=20 & Y=25)
2. Letter positions as per reverse English Alphabet Series (A=26, B=25, C=24...., Z=1) 3. Corresponding letter of each letter i.e., the pair of letters at the same distance from start and end of the English Alphabet Series (A is opposite to Z; B is opposite to Y, and C is opposite to X and so on) and to learn this one can use different acronyms for e.g. for AZ -> AZar; BY -> BYe; CX-> CruX; DW->DeW and so on. This topic can be divided in to the following subtopics based on the logic incorporated:
(1) Coding Decoding by Letter Shifting:
In this method, one or more English words are given with their respective codes. The coding is based on shifting the positions of the individual letters based on their place in the English Alphabet. You have to identify a common pattern and apply the same pattern to the word in the question to find its code or apply the reverse pattern to the given code to find the original word.
Example 1:
In a certain code 'MONARCHY' is written as 'NPOBSDIZ'. How will 'STANDARD' be
written in that code?
Solution:
In this question, each letter of 'MONARCHY' is simply replaced by its next letter as per English Alphabet.
M+1=N;
0+1=P;
N+1=0;
A+ 1 = B;
R+1=S;
C+1=D;
H+1=1;
Y+1=Z.
Based on similar pattern, code for 'STANDARD' is 'TUBOEBSE'.
Let's take a slightly more complicated example.
Example 2:
In a certain code 'ARCHERY' is written as 'DSBGZSF'. How will the word 'TERMITE' be written in that code?
Solution and Steps Involved:
1. Write down the letters in one line and its code in the line below.
2. Analyze the coding pattern by matching the code with the word.
ARCH
DSB
ERY
G ZS F
We can see that the word has been divided into three parts, where letters of the first and third parts are increased by 1 position and then reversed among themselves while the lone letter in the middle part is decreased by 1.
NOTE: Here increasing or decreasing by 'n' place means, exchanging the current letter with a letter that is 'n' places to the right or left, respectively, in the English Alphabet. 3. Once the pattern has been identified, find the code for the word asked in the question:
TER MITE
X +1 +1 L FUJ
SFU
Hence, code for TERMITE is 'SFULFUJ'
Variations:
Just the jumbling of letters with no substitution by any other letter: The jumbling can be donedirectly or by dividing the given word in multiple parts and jumbling each part separately. (II) Coding Letters of a Word:
In these questions, the letters of one or more words are coded in terms of symbols/digits/ other letters. You have to identify the code of the individual letter by comparing and based on this, find out the code for given word.
Types:
A. There is a one-to-one relation between letters and the code, which you can identify by just comparing letters with the code of same place value.
Example:
If CARING is coded as MPDRGF, and SHARES is coded as XLPDUX, how could CASKET be possibly coded in the same code? (a) MPXBUN (b) MXPGUN (c) MPDDUX (d) LMPGFR (e) FGRDXP
Solutions and Steps Involved:
1. First establish correspondence.
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